Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes)

EU-27 trade, 2005–2025

EU-27 imports and exports – with non-EU countries or within the EU (arrivals reported by EU countries and their dispatches to other EU countries) – in tonnes, euro or as unit value; the current year – monthly data (incomplete year).

extra-EU imports extra-EU exports 2026* – data for 2026-01/2026-08 (incomplete year, hollow marker, no line)

Source: Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (class CN8 codes, EU-27); compiled by ai-waw.com – products dataset 2.2.
Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data) – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2027-02 (period 2026)
Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (monthly data) – latest data: 2026-08 (intra-EU: 2026-07); retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2026-11-13 (period 2026-09)

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata Link

Figure data (table)

EU-27 trade – Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes) – extra-EU, tonnes of product mass

Year	extra-EU imports	extra-EU exports	Balance
2005	4,506	6,139	1,633
2006	6,136	6,805	669
2007	4,237	4,418	181
2008	3,873	4,982	1,109
2009	2,954	6,163	3,210
2010	7,591	7,021	−570
2011	13,901	7,706	−6,195
2012	11,455	7,544	−3,911
2013	5,357	7,641	2,284
2014	4,497	8,343	3,846
2015	4,678	5,874	1,196
2016	8,224	9,996	1,773
2017	4,974	6,343	1,369
2018	4,594	4,019	−575
2019	3,825	3,579	−246
2020	4,188	3,680	−508
2021	8,467	5,655	−2,813
2022	8,847	6,728	−2,120
2023	6,786	6,484	−302
2024	5,667	8,760	3,093
2025	5,260	4,347	−913
2026 2026-01/2026-08	3,778	2,807	−971

tonnes of product mass. Balance = exports − imports.

Class balance in the EU-27, 2025

EU-27 sold production (PRODCOM) and extra-EU imports make up supply; supply is apparent consumption plus extra-EU exports. Band widths are proportional to tonnes (one scale); intra-EU trade is a loop – it moves products between EU countries and does not change the EU-27 balance.

Source: Eurostat, PRODCOM DS-059358 and DS-059367, Comext DS-045409; compiled by ai-waw.com – products dataset 2.2. Production, imports, exports and apparent consumption – within PRODCOM code 25.99.29.74 (all classes of the code and the CN codes of its scope); intra-EU trade – the class CN codes. Production flag R – value rounded by Eurostat (R).
Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data) – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2027-02 (period 2026)
Eurostat, PRODCOM DS-059358, DS-059367 – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2027-07 (period 2026)

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata Link

Figure data (table)

EU-27 balance – Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes), 2025

Balance item	Mass (t)
EU-27 sold production	28,000 (R)
Extra-EU imports	5,260
EU-27 supply	33,260
Extra-EU exports	4,347
Apparent consumption	28,913
Intra-EU trade (class)	13,803

PRODCOM production and apparent consumption

EU-27 sold production according to PRODCOM (codes 25.99.29.74) and apparent consumption = production + extra-EU imports − extra-EU exports. Eurostat flags above the bars: E – estimate, R – rounded value; C – confidential value (no bar, not filled in).

EU-27 sold production (t) Eurostat estimate (E) apparent consumption (t) E – Eurostat estimate, R – rounded, C – confidential (no bar), “–” – gap

Source: Eurostat, PRODCOM DS-059358 and DS-059367 (sold production), Comext DS-045409 (trade for apparent consumption); compiled by ai-waw.com – products dataset 2.2. Scope of PRODCOM code 25.99.29.74 (classes: Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes)). Sold production (excluding production for own use). Years without figures – no EU-27 production (confidentiality, no code, unreliable value – X) or an ambiguous CN code.
Eurostat, PRODCOM DS-059358, DS-059367 – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2027-07 (period 2026)

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata Link

Figure data (table)

EU-27 sold production and apparent consumption – Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes), 2005–2025

Year	Sold production (t)	Quantity flag	Value (EUR)	Apparent consumption (t)
2005	gap		–	–
2006	gap		–	–
2007	gap		–	–
2008	gap		–	–
2009	gap		–	–
2010	gap		–	–
2011	31,510	E	103,494,835	37,705
2012	26,994		94,905,018	30,905
2013	25,647		87,661,473	23,363
2014	29,230		102,454,919	25,384
2015	26,944		89,219,568	25,748
2016	24,852		90,167,392	23,079
2017	27,261		101,134,488	25,893
2018	24,728	E	104,239,174	25,303
2019	25,434		94,791,315	25,680
2020	25,794		99,681,975	26,302
2021	28,191	E	108,314,538	31,003
2022	32,000	R	150,000,000	34,120
2023	68,000	R	160,000,000	68,302
2024	24,000	R	150,000,000	20,907
2025	28,000	R	126,221,961	28,913

EU-27 countries, 2025

Mass balance of a country (exports − imports, all partners, including other EU countries) or the country share of exports or imports of the 27 EU countries. Plants of the class on a map – figure 8.

export surplus ≥ 1,978 texport surplus 494 t–1,978 texport surplus < 494 tbalance ≈ 0import surplus < 494 timport surplus 494 t–1,978 timport surplus ≥ 1,978 tno figure (confidential exports)non-EU countries

Source: Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (class CN8 codes, EU-27); compiled by ai-waw.com – products dataset 2.2. Trade of EU-27 countries with all partners (WORLD); share – of the 27-country total. Balance thresholds – 10% and 40% of the largest absolute balance. The country map uses the declarations of the country itself (its exports and imports), the flow map – import declarations of the partners (country of consignment); differences are asymmetries of intra-EU trade statistics (transit, triangular trade, confidentiality). Base map: Natural Earth (public domain), Lambert conformal conic projection.
Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data) – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2027-02 (period 2026)

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata Link

Figure data (table)

EU-27 countries in the trade of the class – Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes), 2025

Country	Imports (t)	Exports (t)	Balance (t)	Share of EU-27 imports (%)	Share of EU-27 exports (%)	Intra-EU dispatches according to partner declarations (t)
Germany	1,834	6,779	+4,944 t	9.6	30.7	5,293
Poland	726	2,608	+1,882 t	3.8	11.8	1,017
Hungary	152	1,070	+918 t	0.8	4.9	624
Czechia	356	1,114	+759 t	1.9	5.1	536
Bulgaria	38	472	+434 t	0.2	2.1	865
Netherlands	1,705	1,928	+223 t	8.9	8.7	395
Portugal	303	465	+163 t	1.6	2.1	173
Estonia	41	50	+8.5 t	0.2	0.2	9
Cyprus	7	0	−6.6 t	0.0	0.0	0
Malta	18	7	−10.4 t	0.1	0.0	2
Latvia	159	147	−12.2 t	0.8	0.7	26
Slovakia	47	13	−33.8 t	0.3	0.1	253
Austria	131	84	−47.3 t	0.7	0.4	59
Croatia	139	11	−128 t	0.7	0.1	1
Denmark	164	31	−133 t	0.9	0.1	10
Finland	187	19	−168 t	1.0	0.1	18
Sweden	275	64	−210 t	1.4	0.3	9
Lithuania	300	24	−276 t	1.6	0.1	24
Romania	323	5	−318 t	1.7	0.0	13
Italy	4,854	4,503	−351 t	25.5	20.4	860
France	1,804	1,366	−439 t	9.5	6.2	1,034
Greece	536	21	−515 t	2.8	0.1	14
Luxembourg	655	5	−650 t	3.4	0.0	1
Spain	1,550	687	−863 t	8.1	3.1	886
Slovenia	1,323	408	−915 t	6.9	1.9	73
Belgium	1,337	200	−1,137 t	7.0	0.9	79
Ireland	102	confidential (C)	–	0.5	–	1,526

Intra-EU flows, 2025

Arcs run from the country of consignment to the country of destination (arrivals reported by an EU country by country of consignment); width proportional to the square root of mass.

Arc: consignment → destination1,000 t200 t50 t

Source: Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (class CN8 codes, EU-27); compiled by ai-waw.com – products dataset 2.2. Arrivals of EU countries by country of consignment (EU-27 partners); pairs sorted by mass, descending. Arrivals without a stated country of consignment (confidential): 3.3 t – not on the map. Arc width – proportional to the square root of mass (reference widths in the legend). The country map uses the declarations of the country itself (its exports and imports), the flow map – import declarations of the partners (country of consignment); differences are asymmetries of intra-EU trade statistics (transit, triangular trade, confidentiality). Base map: Natural Earth (public domain), Lambert conformal conic projection.
Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data) – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2027-02 (period 2026)

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata Link

Figure data (table)

Intra-EU flows – Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes), 2025

Flow (consignment → destination)	Mass (t)	Value (EUR)
Germany → Italy	1,647	9,185,699
Ireland → Italy	1,525	4,513,303
Germany → Belgium	999	2,922,584
Germany → Netherlands	822	4,317,271
Germany → Luxembourg	651	2,682,250
France → Germany	538	2,261,791
Italy → France	526	2,181,116
Bulgaria → Greece	487	1,157,404
Germany → Poland	429	2,018,181
Poland → France	428	4,651,717
Hungary → Slovenia	421	1,241,739
Czechia → Italy	404	930,054
Bulgaria → Germany	378	3,667,125
Spain → France	371	2,129,787
Spain → Portugal	271	742,340
Poland → Germany	259	1,048,177
Germany → France	210	911,999
Netherlands → Germany	154	2,068,692
Slovakia → Czechia	154	421,745
France → Romania	141	826,010
Germany → Slovenia	135	956,484
France → Spain	128	786,079
France → Italy	122	732,225
Netherlands → Italy	117	1,277,607
Slovakia → Slovenia	94	262,602
Spain → Latvia	91	131,348
Poland → Czechia	85	521,317
Hungary → Spain	84	369,573
Hungary → Lithuania	83	227,098
Portugal → Spain	82	575,820
Italy → Spain	77	511,034
Poland → Lithuania	69	125,425
Germany → Croatia	64	304,759
Poland → Belgium	63	937,073
Germany → Hungary	62	351,656
Germany → Austria	61	749,722
Germany → Finland	57	294,271
Poland → Denmark	57	696,775
Italy → Germany	56	269,092
Portugal → France	54	201,391
Netherlands → Belgium	53	835,716
Spain → Germany	49	120,365
Germany → Czechia	48	522,478
Spain → Finland	42	31,345
Germany → Spain	39	178,031
Slovenia → Croatia	36	451,103
Belgium → Germany	34	381,992
Austria → Germany	33	180,601
Spain → Belgium	33	367,183
Italy → Finland	32	1,643,293
Slovenia → Hungary	31	104,688
France → Hungary	29	82,107
Portugal → Italy	28	193,674
Czechia → Belgium	28	116,940
Netherlands → France	26	268,844
Latvia → Estonia	25	24,206
Czechia → Lithuania	25	70,045
Italy → Romania	25	135,326
Italy → Netherlands	25	244,671
Italy → Croatia	25	75,435

Non-EU partners, 2025

The ten largest non-EU suppliers and customers; arrows from the partner to the EU (imports) or from the EU to the partner (exports), width proportional to the square root of mass.

1. Türkiye · 2,203 t
2. North Macedonia · 609 t
3. Albania · 564 t
4. United Kingdom · 474 t
5. China* · 301 t
6. Brazil* · 155 t
7. Canada* · 134 t
8. United States* · 118 t
9. Australia* · 115 t
10. India* · 108 t

Arrow from/to the EU-27 point (notional centre of the EU area); number – rank and mass2,000 t200 t50 t * country outside the frame – notional point on the map edge in the direction from the EU; arrow direction notional

Source: Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (class CN8 codes, EU-27); compiled by ai-waw.com – products dataset 2.2. Shares and concentration – of extra-EU trade mass (including unspecified partners). Base map: Natural Earth (public domain), Lambert conformal conic projection.
Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data) – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-11-04; next update: 2027-02 (period 2026)

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata Link

Figure data (table)

EU-27 imports by country of origin – Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes), 2025

#	Country	Mass (t)	Value (EUR)	Share (%)
1	Türkiye	2,203	6,301,592	41.9
2	North Macedonia	609	1,622,070	11.6
3	Albania	564	1,246,427	10.7
4	United Kingdom	474	5,666,515	9.0
5	China	301	1,922,100	5.7
6	Brazil	155	6,085,662	2.9
7	Canada	134	874,315	2.5
8	United States	118	4,185,922	2.2
9	Australia	115	969,146	2.2
10	India	108	612,389	2.1

Product chain

Place of the class in the processing chain: unwrought metal, preceding classes, the class, following classes and scrap. Nodes are classes of the dictionary (links); the current class – in the accent colour.

The scheme orders the classes of the dictionary by processing stage (family rules in the portal code: same material, a derived product after the non-derived one; links named explicitly – e.g. cans from can stock, die castings from casting alloys, coated steel from galvanizing alloys, lead sheet and oxides from refined lead, lead-acid batteries from lead alloys and lead oxide); an arrow does not mean deliveries between specific plants. Feed and scrap – CN headings of the metal, not dictionary classes (lead – scrap only: unwrought lead is in the dictionary classes).

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata Link

Figure data (table)

Product chain – Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes)

Name	Stage	CN
Refined unwrought lead	Preceding classes	7801 10 00
Antimonial unwrought lead (PbSb alloys)	Preceding classes	7801 91 00
Other articles of lead (pipes, bars, wire, shielding, anodes)	Class	7806 00 10 7806 00 80
lead scrap	Scrap	7802

Figure 8. Map of plants

Source: ai-waw.com Companies register (entries from primary documents), as of 2026-11-04, version 2.49. plants without coordinates are not on the map. Base map: Natural Earth (public domain). Location of some plants: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).

CSV (all years) JSON Metadata

Producers

Each entry from a primary document (class A/B/C and document page), with the verification date and the entity controlling the plant (GLEIF Level 2 or company documents).

7

producing plants (incl. outside the EU) of which in the EU-27: 4

7

companies

5

countries

0.0%

non-EU control – plants in the EU-27

Corporate groups (a company without a group counted separately): 7
Non-EU control – plants in the EU-27: 0 of 2 plants with an established controller (4 of 7 producing plants are in the EU-27; plants outside the EU are out of scope of the indicator; ownership control logic and area).
No document states a capacity for this class – no sum is computed.

Compare the first 5 producers

Plant country all CzechiaFranceGreecePolandUnited Kingdom

Entry status all producedplanned productionproduction ended

Ownership control all controller in the EU-27controller outside the EUcontroller not established

Capacity from a document all statednot stated

Show

Alloys and standards

Materials, product standards and synonyms of this class from the alloy and standard glossary.

The glossary has no materials of this class with a documented basis yet.

Synonyms

PL

osłony przed promieniowaniem · anody

EN

articles of lead · radiation shielding

DE

Verpackungsmittel mit Abschirmung aus Blei gegen Strahlung, zum Befördern oder Lagern radioaktiver Stoffe "Euratom" (ausg. Warenbehälter [Container], speziell für eine oder mehrere Beförderungsarten gebaut oder ausgestattet) (CN label (DE)) · Waren aus Blei, a.n.g. (CN label (DE))

Full alloy and standard glossary →

Related

• Country lead flow analyses: Lead Flows in Poland
• Ownership control of the producers: Ownership control (product filter)
• Companies list and map filtered to this class: Companies
• Production technologies: charge and melt analysis · melting and casting · hot rolling · cold rolling · wire, bar and tube drawing · extrusion · heat treatment (annealing, solution treatment, ageing, brazing) · slitting and cutting to length · surface treatment and cleaning · quality control and materials testing · protective atmospheres, gases and utilities · smelting and refining · scrap recycling and sorting A picture of the supply market – not a commercial recommendation.

Data freshness

Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data)

latest data: 2025 · retrieved: 2026-11-04 · next update: 2027-02 (period 2026) full year 2026 – after the December data release (February 2027); annual data may be revised in later releases

Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (monthly data)

latest data: 2026-08 (intra-EU: 2026-07) · retrieved: 2026-11-04 · next update: 2026-11-13 (period 2026-09)

Eurostat, PRODCOM DS-059358, DS-059367

latest data: 2025 · retrieved: 2026-11-04 · next update: 2027-07 (period 2026) first release of annual data in mid-July of the following year; revisions – mid-month (ESMS metadata prom_esms, item 8.1)

How to cite

Method note

Entry only from a primary document

A class is assigned to a plant only when a primary document names it – a product data sheet, an annual report, a register or a company page describing the product – with the document page and a reliability class (A, B or C). Press and company directories without a company document are not a basis for an entry.

Assignment from a location document

When a company document describes the product and only a location page points to the plant, the assignment of the product to the plant is an inference – the source then has class C and the entry awaits confirmation by a plant document.

“Full range” is not an entry

A general claim (“full range of copper products”) without the class, dimensions or alloys does not create an entry. A plant without an entry may make the class – the register does not know.

Capacity only from a document

Class capacity (kt) – only when a document states it; no estimates and no split of a whole plant’s capacity into classes. The sum covers only plants with a stated capacity and is a lower bound – always given with the number of plants it covers.

Entry status

Produced, planned production (investment announced in a document), production ended. A closed plant – production ended. Key figures – “produced” only.

Ownership control

The entity controlling the plant and its country – as in Ownership control (GLEIF Level 2, GLEIF exceptions, groups from company documents). The non-EU share is computed only among producers located in the EU-27 with an established controller (as the default area of Ownership control); a plant outside the EU – e.g. in Türkiye, the United Kingdom, Switzerland or Serbia – is out of scope of the indicator, although it counts among plants and countries.

Trade and production

Eurostat Comext: EU-27 extra-EU and intra-EU trade (arrivals reported by EU countries), CN codes of the class (sum of the codes), tonnes and euro, 2005–2025 plus the current incomplete year (hollow marker, no line); sold production – PRODCOM (a code may cover several classes); apparent consumption = production + extra-EU imports − extra-EU exports within the PRODCOM code scope. A CN code may cover products of other classes (e.g. rods and sections in one code) – trade describes CN codes, not the plants of the register.

Metals kept apart

Each class belongs to one metal (aluminium, copper, lead, zinc). Each metal has its own page; the metals share a family layout – five semi-finished product families (wire rod and wire; bars and sections; plate, sheet and strip; foil; tubes), families outside semi-finished products (unwrought alloys – feedstock, powders and dust, chemical compounds, anodes and other articles – currently zinc and lead only; unwrought metal – refined lead) and derived products; split by material within a family. A family without classes of a metal shows “–” with a description in the comparison table. Header figures and trade totals are given separately for each metal – tonnes of different metals are never added up. Derived products (e.g. winding wire, structures, cans, stranded wire, zinc-coated steel, die castings) are marked and are not semi-finished products; tonnes of coated steel are the mass of the product, not of zinc, and tonnes of lead-acid batteries are battery mass, not lead. A class outside the metal trade total (coated steel, zinc oxide, die castings without a CN code, lead oxides, batteries) carries a note with the reason.

Counterpart in the other metal

A copper ↔ aluminium substitution pair (e.g. wire, coiled tubes, strip, stranded wire) comes from the dictionary field or from the portal map of pairs. The comparison shows the figures of both classes side by side, without a total, and the application sentence has no figures; a pair does not mean interchangeability in every application.

Links by metal

Copper classes have a form in the R02 forecast and the EU copper flow analysis; aluminium classes – the EU aluminium flow analysis and the country analyses; zinc classes – the EU zinc flow analysis and the country analysis for Poland; lead classes – the country analysis for Poland (the R01 and R02 forecasts cover copper only). An analysis link given with the class takes precedence.

Dataset scope

The dataset covers copper and aluminium semi-finished products and their alloys, and zinc products (titanium-zinc sheet, unwrought alloys, powders and dust, anodes, derived products) and lead products (refined lead, unwrought alloys, sheet, powders, other articles, lead oxides and lead-acid batteries) at plants of the Companies register. Counts of plants, countries and groups and the capacity sum are a lower bound of the market – they grow with further documents.

Pages and Markdown are open to text and data mining with attribution; JSON data – like the other JSON data of the register – are reserved as a database compilation. Trade data: Eurostat (reuse with attribution).

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