# Zinc oxide

Derived from zinc: zinc oxide (zinc white) and zinc peroxide – from vaporisation and oxidation of zinc metal or from secondary materials; rubber and tyres, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, feed. Chapter 28 item, outside the chapter 79 zinc articles; excluding Waelz oxide (an intermediate from EAF dust recycling for zinc smelters).

- Metal: Zinc
- Family: Derived products (Zinc oxide) · Unalloyed zinc and alloys · derived product – https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zinc#rodzina-derived
- Derived product: Derived product (zinc-coated steel sheet, zinc alloy die castings, zinc oxide) – not a zinc semi-finished product; plants and trade of the class are given separately, never combined with zinc tonnes.
- CN: 2817 00 00
- PRODCOM: 20.12.11.30
- Data as of: 2026-10-25, version 2.40
- Page: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide
- JSON: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide.json

## Producers – key figures

- producing plants (incl. outside the EU): 8 (of which in the EU-27: 8)
- companies: 8
- countries: 6
- Corporate groups (a company without a group counted separately): 7
- non-EU control – plants in the EU-27: 0.0% – Non-EU control – plants in the EU-27: 0 of 4 plants with an established controller (8 of 8 producing plants are in the EU-27; plants outside the EU are out of scope of the indicator; ownership control logic and area).
- documented capacity (lower bound): No document states a capacity for this class – no sum is computed.

Figures cover entries “produced”; planned and ended – separately. Figures are a lower bound: a plant without a document naming the class is not entered.

## Producers

| Plant | Company | Group | Country | Status | Alloys | Source | Verified | Controller |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heusden-Zolder – EverZinc Zolder (Heusden-Zolder) | [EverZinc](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/everzinc.md) | [EverZinc](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/everzinc.md) | Belgium | produced | – | [B] ISO 14001 certificate of EverZinc Belgium, Industrieweg 16, Heusden-Zolder (everzinc.com), valid until 2027: production of technical zinc oxide, 1 – https://www.everzinc.com/assets/27ebf187-2a7b-4c5a-8db2-c492f8dc14ab/0025462-ems-engus-ukaspdf.pdf | 2026-10-19 | EverZinc (–) |
| Engis – tlenek cynku (Engis) | [SILOX s.a.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/silox-s-a.md) | – | Belgium | produced | ActiECO+ | [B] Silox group press release (silox.com): new ActiEco+ production line at the Engis plant – https://silox.com/news/silox-group-new-actieco-production-line-launch-in-belgium/ | 2026-10-19 | – |
| Grillo Zinkoxid GmbH – Goslar plant (Goslar) | [Grillo Zinkoxid GmbH / zakład](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/grillo-zinkoxid-gmbh-zaklad.md) | [GRILLO-Werke AG](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/grillo-werke-ag.md) | Germany | produced | – | [B] GRILLO-Werke website – zinc oxide made at the Goslar plant (grillo.de, product page) – https://grillo.de/en/products/zinc-products/zinc-oxide/ | 2026-10-19 | GRILLO-Werke AG (Germany) |
| Goslar – Harzer Zinkoxide (dawniej Norzinco) (Goslar) | [Harzer Zinkoxide GmbH](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/harzer-zinkoxide-gmbh.md) | – | Germany | produced | – | [B] Harzer Zinkoxide GmbH – information for the public per the 12th BImSchV (Störfall-Verordnung) 2025, Harlingerode plant, Landstraße 93 (zinc oxide and dust), 2 – https://hzo-europe.eu/downloads/Broschuere2025%20-%20Information%20der%20Oeffentlichkeit%20-%2012.%20BImSchV%20Stoerfallverordnung.pdf | 2026-10-19 | – |
| ZinCol Ossidi Cairo Montenotte (Cairo Montenotte) | [ZinCol Ossidi S.p.A.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/zincol-ossidi-s-p-a.md) | [Co.Ge.Fin S.p.A.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/co-ge-fin-s-p-a.md) | Italy | produced | Sigillo Oro, Sigillo Verde, Sigillo Rosa (joint capacity of several products (no figure for this class): the company website states a capacity of “almost 40,000 t” of zinc oxide per year (approximate value – figure not entered)) | [B] Company website – zinc oxide grades (zincolossidi.it) – https://www.zincolossidi.it/3-sigilli-produzione-ossido-zinco | 2026-10-19 | Co.Ge.Fin S.p.A. (Italy) |
| EverZinc Eijsden (Eijsden) | [EverZinc Nederland B.V.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/everzinc-nederland-b-v.md) | [EverZinc](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/everzinc.md) | Netherlands | produced | – | [B] ISO 9001 certificate of EverZinc Nederland B.V., Muggenweg 2, Eijsden (everzinc.com), valid until 2027: production of zinc oxide, 1 – https://www.everzinc.com/assets/2a4d1adc-bbc1-48f9-8dcb-9d58094296a6/0016497-QMS-ENGUS-UKAS.PDF | 2026-10-19 | EverZinc (–) |
| Huta Oława Branch (Oława) | [ZM SILESIA S.A.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/zm-silesia-s-a.md) | [Boryszew](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/boryszew.md) | Poland | produced | – | [B] Company website – history, Oława branch: zinc and lead oxides (silesiasa.pl) – https://silesiasa.pl/historia/ | 2026-10-19 | Grupa Boryszew (Poland) |
| Befesa Sondika / Amorebieta (Sondika) | [Befesa Sondika /](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/befesa-sondika.md) | [Befesa S.A.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/befesa-s-a.md) | Spain | produced | – | [B] Befesa website – recycling of galvanising waste, Befesa Zinc Óxido S.A.U. (befesa.com) – https://www.befesa.com/es/services/steel-dust/processes-for-the-galvanization-residues/ | 2026-10-19 | Befesa S.A. (Luxembourg) |

- Producer list – data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/producers.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/producers.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/producers.metadata.json)

## Key figures of the class, 2025

- **Extra-EU imports, 2025**: 53.8 thousand t (EUR 118 million)
- **Extra-EU exports, 2025**: 58.2 thousand t (EUR 118 million)
- **Intra-EU arrivals, 2025**: 192 thousand t (EUR 390 million) – arrivals reported by EU countries; intra-EU dispatches: 189 thousand t
- **EU-27 production (PRODCOM), 2025**: 390 thousand t (EUR 580 million) – Eurostat estimate (E)
- **Plants and countries**: 8 plants (countries: 6) – producing plants according to primary documents (a lower bound)
- **Rank among zinc classes, 2025**: – – class outside the metal trade total – no rank

In 2025 EU-27 imports from outside the EU amounted to 53.8 thousand t (EUR 118 million) and exports to 58.2 thousand t (EUR 118 million); the mass balance was +4,359 t (export surplus). Intra-EU arrivals (reported by EU countries) – 192 thousand t. Main non-EU suppliers: Mexico (44.7%), Türkiye (16.8%) and Peru (14.7%). Main non-EU customers: Vietnam (29.8%), United States (14.6%) and Serbia (8.7%). Between 2015 and 2025 import mass changed by −20.2% and export mass by +16.2%. EU-27 sold production according to PRODCOM (code 20.12.11.30) was 390 thousand t in 2025 (EUR 580 million; a Eurostat estimate). EU-27 apparent consumption within the scope of the PRODCOM code (sold production + non-EU imports − non-EU exports; excluding production for own use): 385 thousand t.

## What you should know about this data

- The class covers CN code 2817 00 00 (CN 2026).
- Class codes unchanged in 2005–2025 (Eurostat CN8 predecessor–successor table) – comparable series.
- PRODCOM (sold production, 20.12.11.30): EU-27 quantity in 2013, 2022–2025 is a Eurostat estimate (E); EU-27 quantity in 2008–2009, 2016, 2021 rounded by Eurostat (R; value ± rounding base); years without EU-27 quantity: 2005 (confidentiality, no code or an unreliable value – a gap, not zero; the series does not link PRODCOM list changes before 2024 – years before the code was introduced have no figure); quantity confidential (C) in 2025 in 6 countries (AT, DE, FR, GR, IE, NL) – confidential values are not filled in; apparent consumption is based on sold production – excluding output used within the producing plant (e.g. wire rod drawn into wire), which understates the result for semi-finished products.
- Unit value (EUR/t) is the ratio of trade value to mass – it depends on the product mix, metal content and partner structure; it is not a market price.
- Outside the zinc products trade total: zinc oxide is a chemical compound (chapter 28).

## EU-27 trade, 2005–2025

EU-27 imports and exports – with non-EU countries or within the EU (arrivals reported by EU countries and their dispatches to other EU countries) – in tonnes, euro or as unit value; the current year – monthly data (incomplete year).

| Year | Imports (t) – extra-EU | Exports (t) – extra-EU | Imports (EUR) | Exports (EUR) | Imports (t) – intra-EU | Exports (t) – intra-EU | Import unit value (EUR/t) | Export unit value (EUR/t) |
|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| 2005 | 53,875 | 8,761 | 51,872,276 | 10,450,149 | 184,329 | 77,467 | 963 | 1,193 |
| 2006 | 64,688 | 10,036 | 120,097,460 | 18,522,806 | 208,571 | 105,303 | 1,857 | 1,846 |
| 2007 | 67,049 | 24,028 | 145,215,983 | 41,478,533 | 323,802 | 195,989 | 2,166 | 1,726 |
| 2008 | 58,401 | 32,089 | 83,462,232 | 34,720,724 | 131,852 | 201,570 | 1,429 | 1,082 |
| 2009 | 35,630 | 33,265 | 41,259,030 | 30,625,046 | 188,196 | 264,955 | 1,158 | 921 |
| 2010 | 57,332 | 41,279 | 82,325,864 | 35,439,875 | 419,375 | 258,649 | 1,436 | 859 |
| 2011 | 61,104 | 41,350 | 90,709,698 | 45,361,365 | 446,524 | 350,115 | 1,485 | 1,097 |
| 2012 | 54,771 | 42,093 | 78,719,163 | 48,930,947 | 401,739 | 309,362 | 1,437 | 1,162 |
| 2013 | 56,066 | 45,062 | 75,777,818 | 58,994,477 | 404,213 | 318,991 | 1,352 | 1,309 |
| 2014 | 65,115 | 44,520 | 96,141,808 | 65,687,055 | 374,243 | 279,353 | 1,476 | 1,475 |
| 2015 | 67,428 | 50,052 | 113,569,798 | 80,729,482 | 200,792 | 205,261 | 1,684 | 1,613 |
| 2016 | 64,565 | 52,431 | 105,001,184 | 77,344,265 | 234,698 | 210,400 | 1,626 | 1,475 |
| 2017 | 63,651 | 46,321 | 134,252,134 | 101,921,342 | 247,533 | 259,155 | 2,109 | 2,200 |
| 2018 | 63,640 | 40,751 | 137,364,946 | 99,058,024 | 264,522 | 238,436 | 2,158 | 2,431 |
| 2019 | 57,428 | 42,094 | 110,883,138 | 103,215,649 | 199,549 | 224,015 | 1,931 | 2,452 |
| 2020 | 59,636 | 41,187 | 103,309,114 | 90,943,806 | 158,677 | 205,775 | 1,732 | 2,208 |
| 2021 | 71,810 | 39,496 | 145,717,950 | 95,195,034 | 176,379 | 211,343 | 2,029 | 2,410 |
| 2022 | 63,670 | 35,501 | 181,722,103 | 122,964,466 | 171,031 | 196,390 | 2,854 | 3,464 |
| 2023 | 47,546 | 28,157 | 115,407,798 | 83,166,050 | 163,767 | 155,106 | 2,427 | 2,954 |
| 2024 | 53,090 | 52,173 | 115,945,313 | 108,211,380 | 176,321 | 191,563 | 2,184 | 2,074 |
| 2025 | 53,820 | 58,179 | 118,354,524 | 117,643,347 | 192,206 | 188,792 | 2,199 | 2,022 |
| 2026 (2026-01/2026-08) | 40,285 | 29,033 | 97,447,811 | 74,129,720 | 105,118 | 93,221 | 2,419 | 2,553 |

Empty places in the series are gaps (no figure – e.g. a CN code shared with other classes or confidential data), not zeros; figures break the line there.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/trade.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/trade.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/trade.metadata.json)

## Class balance in the EU-27, 2025

EU-27 balance in 2025: sold production 390 thousand t, extra-EU imports 53.8 thousand t, extra-EU exports 58.2 thousand t, apparent consumption 385 thousand t; intra-EU trade of the class 192 thousand t (loop).

- EU-27 sold production: 390 thousand t (Eurostat estimate (E))
- Extra-EU imports: 53.8 thousand t
- Extra-EU exports: 58.2 thousand t
- Apparent consumption: 385 thousand t
- Intra-EU trade (class): 192 thousand t

Production, imports, exports and apparent consumption – within PRODCOM code 20.12.11.30 (all classes of the code and the CN codes of its scope); intra-EU trade – the class CN codes.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/balance.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/balance.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/balance.metadata.json)

## PRODCOM production and apparent consumption

EU-27 sold production according to PRODCOM (codes 20.12.11.30) and apparent consumption = production + extra-EU imports − extra-EU exports. Eurostat flags above the bars: E – estimate, R – rounded value; C – confidential value (no bar, not filled in).

| Year | Sold production (t) | Quantity flag | Value (EUR) | Apparent consumption (t) |
|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|
| 2005 | gap |  | – | – |
| 2006 | 286,254 |  | 511,430,856 | 340,906 |
| 2007 | 274,598 |  | 572,231,246 | 317,619 |
| 2008 | 335,531 | R | 398,831,496 | 361,843 |
| 2009 | 242,214 | R | 255,746,214 | 244,579 |
| 2010 | 287,430 |  | 395,403,687 | 303,483 |
| 2011 | 255,043 |  | 417,956,125 | 274,798 |
| 2012 | 250,917 |  | 354,907,287 | 263,595 |
| 2013 | 321,197 | E | 379,148,662 | 332,200 |
| 2014 | 359,022 |  | 400,451,712 | 379,617 |
| 2015 | 353,882 |  | 421,638,841 | 371,257 |
| 2016 | 344,150 | R | 428,718,178 | 356,283 |
| 2017 | 356,576 |  | 583,576,843 | 373,906 |
| 2018 | 353,048 |  | 561,568,446 | 375,937 |
| 2019 | 353,347 |  | 512,079,751 | 368,681 |
| 2020 | 321,976 |  | 418,422,707 | 340,425 |
| 2021 | 450,000 | R | 593,563,479 | 482,314 |
| 2022 | 397,272 | E | 702,945,020 | 425,442 |
| 2023 | 377,385 | E | 521,800,874 | 396,774 |
| 2024 | 398,332 | E | 582,521,333 | 399,249 |
| 2025 | 389,627 | E | 580,327,009 | 385,267 |

Scope of PRODCOM code 20.12.11.30 (classes: Zinc oxide). Sold production (excluding production for own use). Years without figures – no EU-27 production (confidentiality, no code, unreliable value – X) or an ambiguous CN code.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/production.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/production.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/production.metadata.json)

## EU-27 countries, 2025

Mass balance of EU-27 countries in 2025: largest export surplus – Netherlands (+41.6 thousand t), largest import surplus – France (−26.2 thousand t). Confidential exports (no figure): Austria.

| Country | Imports (t) | Exports (t) | Balance (t) | Share of EU-27 imports (%) | Share of EU-27 exports (%) |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| Netherlands (NL) | 21,949 | 63,535 | 41,586 | 8.9 | 25.7 |
| Belgium (BE) | 42,216 | 73,264 | 31,048 | 17.2 | 29.7 |
| Italy (IT) | 12,551 | 25,427 | 12,877 | 5.1 | 10.3 |
| Greece (GR) | 288 | 10,182 | 9,894 | 0.1 | 4.1 |
| Slovakia (SK) | 548 | 6,559 | 6,012 | 0.2 | 2.7 |
| Poland (PL) | 27,292 | 30,764 | 3,472 | 11.1 | 12.5 |
| Malta (MT) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Estonia (EE) | 21 | 6 | -15 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Cyprus (CY) | 70 | 0 | -70 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Romania (RO) | 5,665 | 5,563 | -102 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| Latvia (LV) | 191 | 0 | -191 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Lithuania (LT) | 313 | 68 | -245 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Croatia (HR) | 298 | 39 | -259 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Ireland (IE) | 705 | 163 | -542 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Bulgaria (BG) | 984 | 11 | -973 | 0.4 | 0.0 |
| Sweden (SE) | 1,860 | 386 | -1,475 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| Finland (FI) | 1,861 | 2 | -1,860 | 0.8 | 0.0 |
| Luxembourg (LU) | 1,974 | 33 | -1,941 | 0.8 | 0.0 |
| Slovenia (SI) | 2,491 | 481 | -2,010 | 1.0 | 0.2 |
| Portugal (PT) | 3,574 | 11 | -3,564 | 1.5 | 0.0 |
| Denmark (DK) | 5,133 | 501 | -4,633 | 2.1 | 0.2 |
| Hungary (HU) | 6,377 | 23 | -6,354 | 2.6 | 0.0 |
| Czechia (CZ) | 10,448 | 807 | -9,640 | 4.3 | 0.3 |
| Spain (ES) | 28,282 | 9,888 | -18,394 | 11.5 | 4.0 |
| Germany (DE) | 36,181 | 11,630 | -24,551 | 14.7 | 4.7 |
| France (FR) | 33,846 | 7,631 | -26,215 | 13.8 | 3.1 |
| Austria (AT) | 910 | – | – | 0.4 | – |

## EU-27 countries, 2015

Mass balance of EU-27 countries in 2015: largest export surplus – Netherlands (+59.5 thousand t), largest import surplus – Spain (−33.2 thousand t). Confidential exports (no figure): Austria, Cyprus, Malta.

| Country | Imports (t) | Exports (t) | Balance (t) | Share of EU-27 imports (%) | Share of EU-27 exports (%) |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| Netherlands (NL) | 42,341 | 101,885 | 59,544 | 15.8 | 39.9 |
| Belgium (BE) | 29,757 | 51,030 | 21,272 | 11.1 | 20.0 |
| Italy (IT) | 14,976 | 18,211 | 3,235 | 5.6 | 7.1 |
| Greece (GR) | 427 | 3,492 | 3,064 | 0.2 | 1.4 |
| Romania (RO) | 3,899 | 6,444 | 2,545 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| Bulgaria (BG) | 596 | 871 | 275 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| Estonia (EE) | 96 | 12 | -84 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lithuania (LT) | 384 | 164 | -221 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Croatia (HR) | 289 | 47 | -242 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Latvia (LV) | 323 | 0 | -323 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Slovakia (SK) | 543 | 136 | -407 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Slovenia (SI) | 930 | 53 | -877 | 0.4 | 0.0 |
| Ireland (IE) | 1,003 | 0 | -1,003 | 0.4 | 0.0 |
| Finland (FI) | 1,150 | 22 | -1,128 | 0.4 | 0.0 |
| Sweden (SE) | 1,304 | 83 | -1,221 | 0.5 | 0.0 |
| Poland (PL) | 23,317 | 21,517 | -1,800 | 8.7 | 8.4 |
| Luxembourg (LU) | 2,904 | 186 | -2,717 | 1.1 | 0.1 |
| Portugal (PT) | 3,483 | 106 | -3,377 | 1.3 | 0.0 |
| Denmark (DK) | 5,783 | 260 | -5,523 | 2.2 | 0.1 |
| Hungary (HU) | 5,766 | 14 | -5,752 | 2.2 | 0.0 |
| Germany (DE) | 37,613 | 31,810 | -5,803 | 14.0 | 12.5 |
| Czechia (CZ) | 10,697 | 1,175 | -9,522 | 4.0 | 0.5 |
| France (FR) | 28,618 | 955 | -27,663 | 10.7 | 0.4 |
| Spain (ES) | 50,026 | 16,842 | -33,185 | 18.7 | 6.6 |
| Austria (AT) | 1,792 | – | – | 0.7 | – |
| Cyprus (CY) | 200 | – | – | 0.1 | – |
| Malta (MT) | 4 | – | – | 0.0 | – |
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/countries.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/countries.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/countries.metadata.json)

## Intra-EU flows, 2025

66 of 287 flows shown (95.2% of mass)

| From country | To country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) |
|---|---|---:|---:|
| Germany | Belgium | 20,172 | 17,178,168 |
| Belgium | Poland | 17,912 | 16,460,485 |
| Italy | France | 13,851 | 10,206,374 |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 11,372 | 20,997,189 |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 10,539 | 17,243,059 |
| Netherlands | Germany | 9,346 | 23,441,486 |
| Austria | Germany | 8,537 | 22,872,742 |
| Netherlands | France | 5,457 | 10,868,555 |
| Poland | Germany | 5,362 | 14,786,954 |
| Belgium | France | 4,952 | 12,682,214 |
| Italy | Spain | 4,724 | 11,239,912 |
| Austria | Czechia | 3,949 | 10,967,271 |
| Italy | Romania | 3,852 | 11,051,899 |
| Netherlands | Spain | 3,276 | 8,549,896 |
| Spain | Portugal | 3,158 | 8,728,610 |
| Belgium | Germany | 3,150 | 9,792,608 |
| Italy | Poland | 2,880 | 6,369,653 |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 2,746 | 7,591,238 |
| Germany | Denmark | 2,460 | 7,855,770 |
| Austria | France | 2,277 | 6,367,246 |
Other flows (46) – in the figure CSV file.

## Intra-EU flows, 2015

57 of 246 flows shown (95.1% of mass)

| From country | To country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) |
|---|---|---:|---:|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 31,990 | 26,605,806 |
| Germany | Belgium | 18,642 | 6,504,539 |
| Belgium | France | 10,659 | 19,302,966 |
| Netherlands | Germany | 9,439 | 15,873,276 |
| Italy | Spain | 8,251 | 14,127,092 |
| Austria | Germany | 8,202 | 14,527,582 |
| Belgium | Spain | 5,794 | 10,356,085 |
| Belgium | Germany | 5,667 | 11,489,827 |
| Belgium | Poland | 5,662 | 5,206,742 |
| Poland | Germany | 5,578 | 9,334,569 |
| France | Belgium | 5,119 | 1,192,062 |
| Germany | France | 4,989 | 10,312,292 |
| Netherlands | France | 4,765 | 7,845,436 |
| Austria | Czechia | 3,824 | 6,778,918 |
| Germany | Poland | 3,548 | 6,828,497 |
| Germany | Denmark | 3,527 | 6,597,587 |
| Italy | France | 3,457 | 4,216,690 |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 3,211 | 6,249,278 |
| Poland | France | 2,720 | 5,065,253 |
| Poland | Luxembourg | 2,593 | 4,151,508 |
Other flows (37) – in the figure CSV file.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/intra-eu-flows.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/intra-eu-flows.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/intra-eu-flows.metadata.json)

## Non-EU partners, 2025

### Non-EU suppliers

HHI (mass with an identified country) 2641 · top three 76.2% · partners: 34 · mass with an identified country 100.0%

| # | Country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) | Share (%) |
|---:|---|---:|---:|---:|
| 1 | Mexico | 24,052 | 43,501,869 | 44.7 |
| 2 | Türkiye | 9,033 | 20,198,648 | 16.8 |
| 3 | Peru | 7,926 | 21,452,897 | 14.7 |
| 4 | Vietnam | 5,800 | 11,978,043 | 10.8 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 2,160 | 5,690,809 | 4.0 |
| 6 | India | 1,438 | 3,455,908 | 2.7 |
| 7 | Taiwan | 813 | 2,469,831 | 1.5 |
| 8 | United States | 726 | 3,070,733 | 1.3 |
| 9 | Norway | 547 | 1,520,804 | 1.0 |
| 10 | Canada | 223 | 790,257 | 0.4 |

- Fastest growing, 2020 → 2025: Vietnam 1,479 → 5,800 t (+292.3%); India 693 → 1,438 t (+107.6%); Taiwan 654 → 813 t (+24.4%); Türkiye 8,068 → 9,033 t (+12.0%); Mexico 21,816 → 24,052 t (+10.2%)
- Fastest declining, 2020 → 2025: Malaysia 2,010 → 0 t (−100.0%); Russia 2,656 → 0 t (−100.0%); Peru 11,161 → 7,926 t (−29.0%); Norway 709 → 547 t (−22.8%); United States 861 → 726 t (−15.7%)
- New partners: –

### Non-EU customers

HHI (mass with an identified country) 1316 · top three 53.1% · partners: 95 · mass with an identified country 100.0%

| # | Country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) | Share (%) |
|---:|---|---:|---:|---:|
| 1 | Vietnam | 17,321 | 2,949,881 | 29.8 |
| 2 | United States | 8,521 | 31,268,597 | 14.6 |
| 3 | Serbia | 5,064 | 12,788,957 | 8.7 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 4,177 | 12,208,491 | 7.2 |
| 5 | Malaysia | 2,497 | 751,795 | 4.3 |
| 6 | Egypt | 1,892 | 5,203,967 | 3.3 |
| 7 | Brazil | 1,774 | 5,295,089 | 3.0 |
| 8 | Türkiye | 1,656 | 5,127,866 | 2.8 |
| 9 | Morocco | 1,494 | 4,183,325 | 2.6 |
| 10 | Ukraine | 1,391 | 2,857,662 | 2.4 |

- Fastest growing, 2020 → 2025: Malaysia 641 → 2,497 t (+289.8%); Morocco 505 → 1,494 t (+196.2%); Brazil 928 → 1,774 t (+91.1%); Serbia 2,797 → 5,064 t (+81.0%); Egypt 1,564 → 1,892 t (+21.0%)
- Fastest declining, 2020 → 2025: Canada 899 → 0 t (−100.0%); Russia 1,151 → 7 t (−99.4%); Mexico 1,072 → 464 t (−56.7%); China 1,192 → 552 t (−53.7%); United Kingdom 6,955 → 4,177 t (−39.9%)
- New partners: Vietnam 17,321 t; Israel 1,373 t; India 1,200 t; Japan 911 t; Thailand 910 t

- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/partners.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/partners.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide/data/partners.metadata.json)

## Product chain

Chain of the class “Zinc oxide”: preceding classes – –; following classes – –.

- **Feedstock**: Unwrought zinc (feedstock) (CN 7901)
- **Class**: [Zinc oxide](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide) (CN 2817 00 00)
- **Scrap**: zinc scrap (CN 7902)

The scheme orders the classes of the dictionary by processing stage (family rules in the portal code: same material, a derived product after the non-derived one; links named explicitly – e.g. cans from can stock, die castings from casting alloys, coated steel from galvanizing alloys); an arrow does not mean deliveries between specific plants. Feed and scrap – CN headings of the metal, not dictionary classes.

## Data freshness

- Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data) – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-10-26; next update: 2027-02 (period 2026)
- Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (monthly data) – latest data: 2026-08 (intra-EU: 2026-07); retrieved: 2026-10-26; next update: 2026-11-13 (period 2026-09)
- Eurostat, PRODCOM DS-059358, DS-059367 – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-10-26; next update: 2027-07 (period 2026)

## How to cite

> ai-waw.com (2026). Zinc oxide – product profile: EU-27 trade, PRODCOM production and producers. Products dataset 2.1 (2026-10-26), class revision 1, SHA-256 f9d848393508…; https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide

- Dataset edition: 2.1 (2026-10-26)
- Dataset SHA-256: `f9d848393508c9dbe833341fc6b3767c4bfe1b6b47bfc70335adfab2703d4c13`
- Class revision: 1 (2026-10-26), SHA-256 `f14d410f52fa39a2b4eedfa0c9473ac3c3c8564d367bef9f834ba7db11efd196`
- BibTeX: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide.bib · RIS: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/zn-oxide.ris

## Alloys and standards

- The glossary has no materials of this class with a documented basis yet.
- Synonyms PL: tlenek cynku; biel cynkowa
- Synonyms EN: zinc oxide
- Synonyms DE: Zinkoxid; Zinkperoxid; Zinkoxid; Zinkoxyd
- Full alloy and standard glossary: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/glossary.md

## Related

- Flow analysis: [EU-27 Zinc Flows](https://ai-waw.com/en/metal-flows/eu-zinc-flow-analysis.md)
- Country zinc flow analyses: [Zinc Flows in Poland](https://ai-waw.com/en/metal-flows/zinc-flows-poland.md)
- Production technologies: [charge and melt analysis](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/analiza-wsadu.md); [melting and casting](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/topienie-odlewanie.md); [heat treatment (annealing, solution treatment, ageing, brazing)](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/obrobka-cieplna.md); [blanking, stamping and press forming](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/wykrawanie-tloczenie.md); [surface treatment and cleaning](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/obrobka-powierzchni.md); [quality control and materials testing](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/kontrola-jakosci.md); [scrap recycling and sorting](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/recykling-sortowanie.md)
- Ownership control of the producers: https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/ownership.md?produkt=zn-oxide
- Companies list and map filtered to this class: https://ai-waw.com/en/companies?produkt=zn-oxide

## Method note

- **Entry only from a primary document** – A class is assigned to a plant only when a primary document names it – a product data sheet, an annual report, a register or a company page describing the product – with the document page and a reliability class (A, B or C). Press and company directories without a company document are not a basis for an entry.
- **Assignment from a location document** – When a company document describes the product and only a location page points to the plant, the assignment of the product to the plant is an inference – the source then has class C and the entry awaits confirmation by a plant document.
- **“Full range” is not an entry** – A general claim (“full range of copper products”) without the class, dimensions or alloys does not create an entry. A plant without an entry may make the class – the register does not know.
- **Capacity only from a document** – Class capacity (kt) – only when a document states it; no estimates and no split of a whole plant’s capacity into classes. The sum covers only plants with a stated capacity and is a lower bound – always given with the number of plants it covers.
- **Entry status** – Produced, planned production (investment announced in a document), production ended. A closed plant – production ended. Key figures – “produced” only.
- **Ownership control** – The entity controlling the plant and its country – as in Ownership control (GLEIF Level 2, GLEIF exceptions, groups from company documents). The non-EU share is computed only among producers located in the EU-27 with an established controller (as the default area of Ownership control); a plant outside the EU – e.g. in Türkiye, the United Kingdom, Switzerland or Serbia – is out of scope of the indicator, although it counts among plants and countries.
- **Trade and production** – Eurostat Comext: EU-27 extra-EU and intra-EU trade (arrivals reported by EU countries), CN codes of the class (sum of the codes), tonnes and euro, 2005–2025 plus the current incomplete year (hollow marker, no line); sold production – PRODCOM (a code may cover several classes); apparent consumption = production + extra-EU imports − extra-EU exports within the PRODCOM code scope. A CN code may cover products of other classes (e.g. rods and sections in one code) – trade describes CN codes, not the plants of the register.
- **Metals kept apart** – Each class belongs to one metal (aluminium, copper, zinc). Each metal has its own page; the metals share a family layout – five semi-finished product families (wire rod and wire; bars and sections; plate, sheet and strip; foil; tubes), families outside semi-finished products (unwrought alloys – feedstock, powders and dust, chemical compounds, anodes and other articles – currently zinc only) and derived products; split by material within a family. A family without classes of a metal shows “–” with a description in the comparison table. Header figures and trade totals are given separately for each metal – tonnes of different metals are never added up. Derived products (e.g. winding wire, structures, cans, stranded wire, zinc-coated steel, die castings) are marked and are not semi-finished products; tonnes of coated steel are the mass of the product, not of zinc. A class outside the metal trade total (coated steel, zinc oxide, die castings without a CN code) carries a note with the reason.
- **Counterpart in the other metal** – A copper ↔ aluminium substitution pair (e.g. wire, coiled tubes, strip, stranded wire) comes from the dictionary field or from the portal map of pairs. The comparison shows the figures of both classes side by side, without a total, and the application sentence has no figures; a pair does not mean interchangeability in every application.
- **Links by metal** – Copper classes have a form in the R02 forecast and the EU copper flow analysis; aluminium classes – the EU aluminium flow analysis and the country analyses; zinc classes – the EU zinc flow analysis and the country analysis for Poland (the R01 and R02 forecasts cover copper only). An analysis link given with the class takes precedence.
- **Dataset scope** – The dataset covers copper and aluminium semi-finished products and their alloys, and zinc products (titanium-zinc sheet, unwrought alloys, powders and dust, anodes, derived products) at plants of the Companies register. Counts of plants, countries and groups and the capacity sum are a lower bound of the market – they grow with further documents.

Pages and Markdown are open to text and data mining with attribution; JSON data – like the other JSON data of the register – are reserved as a database compilation. Trade data: Eurostat (reuse with attribution).