# Enamelled winding wire

Derived from copper wire: lacquered or enamelled winding wire, round and flat (motors, transformers, coils). Chapter 85 item, outside the chapter 74 semis.

- Metal: Copper
- Family: Derived products (Winding wire) · Copper · derived product – https://ai-waw.com/en/products/copper#rodzina-derived
- Derived product: Derived product (winding wire, stranded wire, backed foil) – not a semi-finished product; outside the semis total of the R02 forecast.
- CN: 8544 11 10
- PRODCOM: 27.32.11.00
- Form in the R02 forecast: –
- Data as of: 2026-10-25, version 2.40
- Page: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled
- JSON: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled.json

## Producers – key figures

- producing plants (incl. outside the EU): 7 (of which in the EU-27: 5)
- companies: 7
- countries: 5
- Corporate groups (a company without a group counted separately): 6
- non-EU control – plants in the EU-27: 0.0% – Non-EU control – plants in the EU-27: 0 of 4 plants with an established controller (5 of 7 producing plants are in the EU-27; plants outside the EU are out of scope of the indicator; ownership control logic and area).
- documented capacity (lower bound): No document states a capacity for this class – no sum is computed.

Figures cover entries “produced”; planned and ended – separately. Figures are a lower bound: a plant without a document naming the class is not entered.

## Producers

| Plant | Company | Group | Country | Status | Alloys | Source | Verified | Controller |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bad Arolsen – winding wire (Bad Arolsen) | [Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire Germany GmbH](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/essex-furukawa-magnet-wire-germany-gmbh.md) | [Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/essex-furukawa-magnet-wire.md) | Germany | produced | – | [B] Essex Furukawa – press release on the HVWW high-voltage winding wire contract carried out solely at the Arolsen plant (essexsolutions.com, 11.08.2021) – https://www.essexsolutions.com/news/essex-furukawa-wins-major-ev-project-with-high-voltage-winding-wire | 2026-10-19 | Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire (–) |
| Lügde – enamelled winding wire (Lügde) | [Schwering & Hasse Elektrodraht GmbH](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/schwering-hasse-elektrodraht-gmbh.md) | [HF Magnet Wire Industries GmbH](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/hf-magnet-wire-industries-gmbh.md) | Germany | produced | – | [B] Synflex Group website – SHWire: flat, round and served enamelled copper and aluminium winding wires, produced only in Lügde (synflex-group.de) – https://www.synflex-group.de/shwire/ | 2026-10-19 | HF Magnet Wire Industries GmbH (Germany) |
| De Angeli Prodotti S.r.l. (Bagnoli di Sopra (Padua)) | [De Angeli Prodotti S.r.l.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/de-angeli-prodotti-s-r-l.md) | [De Angeli Prodotti](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/de-angeli-prodotti.md) | Italy | produced | – | [B] De Angeli Prodotti S.r.l. website – enamelled copper and aluminium wires (deangeliprodotti.com) – https://www.deangeliprodotti.com/prodotti-cat/smaltati/ | 2026-10-19 | De Angeli Prodotti (Italy) |
| Imola – enamelled winding wire (Imola) | [IRCE S.p.A.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/irce-s-p-a.md) | [Aequafin S.p.A.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/aequafin-s-p-a.md) | Italy | produced | – | [A] IRCE S.p.A. financial statements for 2025 with rendicontazione di sostenibilità, pp. 24 and 36, 36 – https://www.irce.it/DownLoadFileUrl.php/url=backend@@investor_relations@@file_upload@@allegato@@260327153940_bilancio_311225.pdf/nomefile=bilancio_311225.pdf | 2026-10-19 | Aequafin S.p.A. (Italy) |
| Zrenjanin – winding wire (Zrenjanin) | [Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/essex-furukawa-magnet-wire.md) | [Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/essex-furukawa-magnet-wire.md) | Serbia | produced | – | [B] Company website – winding wire plant in Zrenjanin, ISO 9001 certificate for winding wire production (essexsolutions.com) – https://essexsolutions.com/locations/magnet-wire-plant-zrenjanin-serbia | 2026-10-19 | Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire (–) |
| Nossebro (Jonslund) – winding wire (Nossebro) | [Dahrén Sweden AB](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/dahren-sweden-ab.md) | [Liljedahl Group](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/liljedahl-group.md) | Sweden | produced | – | [B] Wpis UL Product iQ OBMW2.E101843 „Magnet Wire – Component” – Dahren Group AB, Jonslund, Nossebro (dahrengroup.com), 1 – https://www.dahrengroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/OBMW2.E101843-Magnet-Wire-Component-_-UL-Product-iQ-2021-11-03.pdf | 2026-10-19 | Liljedahl Group (Sweden) |
| Gebze – electrolytic copper products: tubes, flat bars, enamelled winding wire (Gebze) | [Sarkuysan Elektrolitik Bakır San. A.Ş.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/sarkuysan-elektrolitik-bakr-san-a-s.md) | [Sarkuysan Elektrolitik Bakır San. A.Ş.](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/groups/sarkuysan-elektrolitik-bak-r-san-a-s.md) | Türkiye | produced | – | [B] Company website – about the company: the Gebze and Darıca plants produce, among others, enamelled winding wire (emaye bobin teli) (sarkuysan.com) – https://www.sarkuysan.com/kurumsal/hakkimizda | 2026-10-19 | Sarkuysan Elektrolitik Bakır San. A.Ş. (Türkiye) |

- Producer list – data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/producers.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/producers.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/producers.metadata.json)

## Key figures of the class, 2025

- **Extra-EU imports, 2025**: 15.8 thousand t (EUR 170 million)
- **Extra-EU exports, 2025**: 16.9 thousand t (EUR 251 million)
- **Intra-EU arrivals, 2025**: 135 thousand t (EUR 1.24 billion) – arrivals reported by EU countries; intra-EU dispatches: 171 thousand t
- **EU-27 production (PRODCOM), 2025**: 510 thousand t (EUR 4.33 billion) – value rounded by Eurostat (R); PRODCOM code shared by 2 classes – production of the whole group
- **Plants and countries**: 7 plants (countries: 5) – producing plants according to primary documents (a lower bound)
- **Rank among copper classes, 2025**: #13 of 28 (by extra-EU export mass) – imports: #9 of 28; exports: #13 of 28; production (PRODCOM code group): #4 of 9; code shared by 2 classes

In 2025 EU-27 imports from outside the EU amounted to 15.8 thousand t (EUR 170 million) and exports to 16.9 thousand t (EUR 251 million); the mass balance was +1,091 t (export surplus). Intra-EU arrivals (reported by EU countries) – 135 thousand t. Main non-EU suppliers: Serbia (38.5%), China (25.0%) and Türkiye (23.7%). Main non-EU customers: Serbia (15.0%), Switzerland (11.0%) and Tunisia (10.4%). Between 2015 and 2025 import mass changed by +43.8% and export mass by −25.3%. EU-27 sold production according to PRODCOM (code 27.32.11.00, shared with classes: “Winding wire with other insulation”) was 510 thousand t in 2025 (EUR 4.33 billion). The PRODCOM code also covers winding wire of other materials (CN 8544 19 00 – mainly aluminium) – production is not limited to this class. EU-27 apparent consumption within the scope of the PRODCOM code (sold production + non-EU imports − non-EU exports; excluding production for own use): 512 thousand t.

## What you should know about this data

- The class covers CN code 8544 11 10 (CN 2026); PRODCOM code 27.32.11.00 also covers classes: “Winding wire with other insulation” – production refers to the whole group; the PRODCOM code also covers products outside the class: winding wire of other materials (CN 8544 19 00 – mainly aluminium) – production is not limited to this class.
- Class codes unchanged in 2005–2025 (Eurostat CN8 predecessor–successor table) – comparable series.
- PRODCOM (sold production, 27.32.11.00): EU-27 quantity in 2020 is a Eurostat estimate (E); EU-27 quantity in 2021, 2024–2025 rounded by Eurostat (R; value ± rounding base, in 2025 ± 30.0 thousand t); country data with a quantity in tonnes labelled KG (K; identified by unit value, taken as tonnes): NL 2015–2016 – the EU-27 aggregate for those years may understate it (cannot be resolved from public data); country data with an unreliable unit value (X; quantity or value without a figure): FI 2011–2021, 2023–2025, DK 2020–2021, LT 2020; years without EU-27 quantity: 2005–2010 (confidentiality, no code or an unreliable value – a gap, not zero; the series does not link PRODCOM list changes before 2024 – years before the code was introduced have no figure); quantity confidential (C) in 2025 in 6 countries (AT, BE, BG, NL, PT, SE) – confidential values are not filled in; apparent consumption is based on sold production – excluding output used within the producing plant (e.g. wire rod drawn into wire), which understates the result for semi-finished products.
- Unit value (EUR/t) is the ratio of trade value to mass – it depends on the product mix, metal content and partner structure; it is not a market price.
- Year 2026 – monthly data: extra-EU January–August, intra-EU January–July (incomplete, provisional year).

## EU-27 trade, 2005–2025

EU-27 imports and exports – with non-EU countries or within the EU (arrivals reported by EU countries and their dispatches to other EU countries) – in tonnes, euro or as unit value; the current year – monthly data (incomplete year).

| Year | Imports (t) – extra-EU | Exports (t) – extra-EU | Imports (EUR) | Exports (EUR) | Imports (t) – intra-EU | Exports (t) – intra-EU | Import unit value (EUR/t) | Export unit value (EUR/t) |
|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| 2005 | 11,040 | 28,546 | 55,142,838 | 114,084,347 | 189,645 | 192,109 | 4,995 | 3,996 |
| 2006 | 17,165 | 31,289 | 114,999,085 | 171,376,776 | 217,730 | 208,131 | 6,700 | 5,477 |
| 2007 | 14,198 | 30,189 | 107,756,633 | 187,621,321 | 218,811 | 228,196 | 7,590 | 6,215 |
| 2008 | 13,963 | 25,773 | 96,830,266 | 166,966,153 | 284,997 | 204,602 | 6,935 | 6,478 |
| 2009 | 21,255 | 18,568 | 71,907,155 | 96,949,055 | 148,067 | 148,368 | 3,383 | 5,221 |
| 2010 | 17,075 | 24,214 | 128,842,161 | 160,460,342 | 204,736 | 186,572 | 7,546 | 6,627 |
| 2011 | 15,339 | 20,683 | 138,535,740 | 157,836,753 | 202,424 | 180,067 | 9,031 | 7,631 |
| 2012 | 12,158 | 23,309 | 106,321,571 | 180,000,530 | 181,505 | 188,866 | 8,745 | 7,722 |
| 2013 | 11,086 | 23,005 | 88,397,194 | 174,641,225 | 228,848 | 193,473 | 7,974 | 7,591 |
| 2014 | 11,370 | 22,325 | 86,433,658 | 171,785,130 | 185,282 | 201,582 | 7,602 | 7,695 |
| 2015 | 10,967 | 22,575 | 82,070,394 | 177,752,419 | 176,259 | 204,735 | 7,484 | 7,874 |
| 2016 | 11,673 | 21,619 | 77,729,995 | 164,554,123 | 168,332 | 205,996 | 6,659 | 7,612 |
| 2017 | 11,720 | 24,843 | 88,951,501 | 213,394,016 | 179,935 | 223,233 | 7,590 | 8,590 |
| 2018 | 11,128 | 22,808 | 90,839,362 | 193,455,238 | 179,183 | 212,371 | 8,163 | 8,482 |
| 2019 | 11,725 | 21,186 | 91,340,482 | 188,366,837 | 165,388 | 198,204 | 7,790 | 8,891 |
| 2020 | 11,772 | 16,842 | 87,229,671 | 163,794,544 | 141,718 | 180,091 | 7,410 | 9,725 |
| 2021 | 18,066 | 19,747 | 185,644,919 | 234,166,818 | 191,492 | 210,271 | 10,276 | 11,858 |
| 2022 | 17,045 | 20,728 | 188,679,063 | 274,981,041 | 176,672 | 203,736 | 11,069 | 13,266 |
| 2023 | 16,063 | 20,011 | 187,725,543 | 268,087,298 | 152,635 | 185,682 | 11,687 | 13,397 |
| 2024 | 14,449 | 18,229 | 159,163,225 | 258,539,920 | 128,943 | 170,121 | 11,016 | 14,183 |
| 2025 | 15,774 | 16,865 | 169,958,091 | 251,348,077 | 134,780 | 170,736 | 10,775 | 14,904 |
| 2026 (2026-01/2026-08) | 11,634 | 12,205 | 156,415,951 | 197,978,505 | 88,625 | 110,482 | 13,444 | 16,221 |

Empty places in the series are gaps (no figure – e.g. a CN code shared with other classes or confidential data), not zeros; figures break the line there.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/trade.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/trade.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/trade.metadata.json)

## Class balance in the EU-27, 2025

EU-27 balance in 2025: sold production 510 thousand t, extra-EU imports 42.4 thousand t, extra-EU exports 39.9 thousand t, apparent consumption 512 thousand t; intra-EU trade of the class 135 thousand t (loop).

- EU-27 sold production: 510 thousand t (value rounded by Eurostat (R))
- Extra-EU imports: 42.4 thousand t
- Extra-EU exports: 39.9 thousand t
- Apparent consumption: 512 thousand t
- Intra-EU trade (class): 135 thousand t

Production, imports, exports and apparent consumption – within PRODCOM code 27.32.11.00 (all classes of the code and the CN codes of its scope); intra-EU trade – the class CN codes.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/balance.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/balance.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/balance.metadata.json)

## PRODCOM production and apparent consumption

EU-27 sold production according to PRODCOM (codes 27.32.11.00) and apparent consumption = production + extra-EU imports − extra-EU exports. Eurostat flags above the bars: E – estimate, R – rounded value; C – confidential value (no bar, not filled in).

| Year | Sold production (t) | Quantity flag | Value (EUR) | Apparent consumption (t) |
|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|
| 2005 | gap |  | – | – |
| 2006 | gap |  | – | – |
| 2007 | gap |  | – | – |
| 2008 | gap |  | – | – |
| 2009 | gap |  | – | – |
| 2010 | gap |  | – | – |
| 2011 | 522,350 |  | 2,665,544,299 | 506,337 |
| 2012 | 479,231 |  | 2,525,359,519 | 446,994 |
| 2013 | 456,019 |  | 2,329,476,237 | 423,255 |
| 2014 | 923,071 |  | 2,668,396,045 | 897,906 |
| 2015 | 879,612 |  | 2,612,693,863 | 854,760 |
| 2016 | 610,874 |  | 2,575,764,555 | 585,121 |
| 2017 | 581,513 |  | 2,955,791,799 | 552,351 |
| 2018 | 532,445 |  | 2,819,066,029 | 512,194 |
| 2019 | 529,059 |  | 2,918,112,555 | 507,728 |
| 2020 | 499,301 | E | 2,677,352,343 | 481,040 |
| 2021 | 534,000 | R | 3,763,599,110 | 520,867 |
| 2022 | 640,806 |  | 4,554,314,355 | 631,313 |
| 2023 | 618,597 |  | 4,416,140,361 | 609,906 |
| 2024 | 520,000 | R | 4,200,000,000 | 516,149 |
| 2025 | 510,000 | R | 4,326,566,512 | 512,472 |

Scope of PRODCOM code 27.32.11.00 (classes: Enamelled winding wire, Winding wire with other insulation); trade also covers CN codes outside the dictionary: 8544 19 00. Sold production (excluding production for own use). Years without figures – no EU-27 production (confidentiality, no code, unreliable value – X) or an ambiguous CN code.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/production.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/production.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/production.metadata.json)

## EU-27 countries, 2025

Mass balance of EU-27 countries in 2025: largest export surplus – Spain (+32.9 thousand t), largest import surplus – Czechia (−17.9 thousand t).

| Country | Imports (t) | Exports (t) | Balance (t) | Share of EU-27 imports (%) | Share of EU-27 exports (%) |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| Spain (ES) | 1,706 | 34,635 | 32,929 | 1.1 | 18.5 |
| Sweden (SE) | 1,379 | 27,439 | 26,060 | 0.9 | 14.6 |
| Germany (DE) | 24,966 | 49,565 | 24,599 | 16.6 | 26.4 |
| Italy (IT) | 17,331 | 26,683 | 9,352 | 11.5 | 14.2 |
| Austria (AT) | 5,126 | 11,036 | 5,910 | 3.4 | 5.9 |
| Poland (PL) | 10,000 | 14,951 | 4,950 | 6.6 | 8.0 |
| Luxembourg (LU) | 3 | 3,273 | 3,271 | 0.0 | 1.7 |
| Cyprus (CY) | 6 | 0 | -6 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Malta (MT) | 11 | 0 | -11 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lithuania (LT) | 99 | 2 | -97 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Greece (GR) | 679 | 489 | -191 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Latvia (LV) | 245 | 10 | -235 | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| Denmark (DK) | 401 | 144 | -257 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Ireland (IE) | 817 | 116 | -701 | 0.5 | 0.1 |
| Croatia (HR) | 1,064 | 96 | -968 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
| Netherlands (NL) | 1,434 | 452 | -982 | 1.0 | 0.2 |
| Estonia (EE) | 1,195 | 185 | -1,010 | 0.8 | 0.1 |
| Bulgaria (BG) | 1,688 | 410 | -1,278 | 1.1 | 0.2 |
| Belgium (BE) | 1,857 | 322 | -1,536 | 1.2 | 0.2 |
| Finland (FI) | 2,493 | 47 | -2,447 | 1.7 | 0.0 |
| Portugal (PT) | 3,952 | 12 | -3,940 | 2.6 | 0.0 |
| Slovenia (SI) | 5,146 | 366 | -4,780 | 3.4 | 0.2 |
| Romania (RO) | 5,197 | 210 | -4,987 | 3.5 | 0.1 |
| Slovakia (SK) | 17,591 | 10,581 | -7,010 | 11.7 | 5.6 |
| Hungary (HU) | 11,033 | 320 | -10,713 | 7.3 | 0.2 |
| France (FR) | 14,546 | 3,565 | -10,981 | 9.7 | 1.9 |
| Czechia (CZ) | 20,589 | 2,694 | -17,895 | 13.7 | 1.4 |

## EU-27 countries, 2015

Mass balance of EU-27 countries in 2015: largest export surplus – Spain (+44.0 thousand t), largest import surplus – Czechia (−29.3 thousand t).

| Country | Imports (t) | Exports (t) | Balance (t) | Share of EU-27 imports (%) | Share of EU-27 exports (%) |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| Spain (ES) | 3,431 | 47,448 | 44,018 | 1.8 | 20.9 |
| Germany (DE) | 33,812 | 68,652 | 34,839 | 18.1 | 30.2 |
| Italy (IT) | 16,080 | 44,267 | 28,187 | 8.6 | 19.5 |
| Sweden (SE) | 897 | 25,641 | 24,744 | 0.5 | 11.3 |
| Greece (GR) | 270 | 4,426 | 4,156 | 0.1 | 2.0 |
| Poland (PL) | 9,523 | 10,392 | 868 | 5.1 | 4.6 |
| Austria (AT) | 6,644 | 7,487 | 843 | 3.6 | 3.3 |
| Cyprus (CY) | 4 | 0 | -4 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Malta (MT) | 20 | 0 | -20 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Latvia (LV) | 66 | 21 | -46 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Luxembourg (LU) | 51 | 1 | -51 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Croatia (HR) | 501 | 145 | -356 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Denmark (DK) | 904 | 459 | -446 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Ireland (IE) | 469 | 1 | -468 | 0.3 | 0.0 |
| Netherlands (NL) | 1,166 | 562 | -603 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Lithuania (LT) | 633 | 5 | -628 | 0.3 | 0.0 |
| Belgium (BE) | 1,226 | 36 | -1,190 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
| Estonia (EE) | 1,268 | 8 | -1,260 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
| Bulgaria (BG) | 2,644 | 505 | -2,139 | 1.4 | 0.2 |
| Finland (FI) | 3,037 | 412 | -2,625 | 1.6 | 0.2 |
| Portugal (PT) | 5,570 | 158 | -5,412 | 3.0 | 0.1 |
| Slovenia (SI) | 6,509 | 362 | -6,146 | 3.5 | 0.2 |
| Romania (RO) | 6,412 | 148 | -6,264 | 3.4 | 0.1 |
| Slovakia (SK) | 17,055 | 7,207 | -9,849 | 9.1 | 3.2 |
| Hungary (HU) | 15,440 | 1,592 | -13,848 | 8.3 | 0.7 |
| France (FR) | 23,667 | 6,749 | -16,918 | 12.6 | 3.0 |
| Czechia (CZ) | 29,926 | 628 | -29,298 | 16.0 | 0.3 |
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/countries.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/countries.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/countries.metadata.json)

## Intra-EU flows, 2025

71 of 327 flows shown (95.0% of mass) Arrivals without a stated country of consignment (confidential): 0.5 t – not on the map.

| From country | To country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) |
|---|---|---:|---:|
| Germany | Czechia | 8,290 | 85,692,114 |
| Germany | Hungary | 7,342 | 60,466,919 |
| Poland | Czechia | 6,719 | 72,187,298 |
| Italy | Germany | 6,615 | 50,878,341 |
| Germany | Slovakia | 6,070 | 49,552,617 |
| Spain | France | 5,605 | 45,924,856 |
| Sweden | Germany | 5,298 | 29,145,912 |
| Germany | France | 4,202 | 54,460,485 |
| Italy | Slovakia | 3,710 | 25,770,285 |
| France | Slovakia | 3,459 | 32,241,628 |
| Spain | Germany | 3,406 | 15,998,935 |
| Slovakia | Italy | 3,287 | 26,084,757 |
| Spain | Italy | 3,204 | 32,321,261 |
| Italy | Slovenia | 3,200 | 33,454,311 |
| Sweden | Italy | 3,141 | 17,283,956 |
| Spain | Poland | 2,890 | 32,048,315 |
| Germany | Poland | 2,813 | 27,175,343 |
| Germany | Austria | 2,562 | 27,139,052 |
| Italy | France | 2,536 | 18,571,742 |
| Spain | Portugal | 2,072 | 19,851,826 |
Other flows (51) – in the figure CSV file.

## Intra-EU flows, 2015

63 of 299 flows shown (95.0% of mass) Arrivals without a stated country of consignment (confidential): 2 t – not on the map.

| From country | To country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) |
|---|---|---:|---:|
| Germany | France | 10,510 | 60,317,707 |
| Germany | Czechia | 10,195 | 57,249,932 |
| Italy | Germany | 9,942 | 55,986,039 |
| Spain | France | 8,140 | 40,111,773 |
| Spain | Slovakia | 8,129 | 6,584,832 |
| Sweden | Germany | 7,263 | 9,235,770 |
| Spain | Italy | 7,230 | 36,600,908 |
| Germany | Hungary | 7,004 | 58,876,589 |
| Italy | Czechia | 6,963 | 12,972,567 |
| Spain | Germany | 6,926 | 16,397,043 |
| Poland | Czechia | 6,141 | 40,307,744 |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 4,596 | 429,453 |
| Italy | Hungary | 4,432 | 25,685,993 |
| Italy | Slovenia | 3,534 | 23,786,537 |
| Germany | Poland | 3,507 | 23,886,637 |
| Spain | Portugal | 3,476 | 6,997,490 |
| Germany | Austria | 3,398 | 22,344,707 |
| Italy | France | 3,329 | 19,732,904 |
| Hungary | Germany | 3,187 | 18,233,394 |
| France | Germany | 2,901 | 5,764,978 |
Other flows (43) – in the figure CSV file.
- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/intra-eu-flows.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/intra-eu-flows.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/intra-eu-flows.metadata.json)

## Non-EU partners, 2025

### Non-EU suppliers

HHI (mass with an identified country) 2700 · top three 87.2% · partners: 45 · mass with an identified country 99.9%

| # | Country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) | Share (%) |
|---:|---|---:|---:|---:|
| 1 | Serbia | 6,073 | 61,120,426 | 38.5 |
| 2 | China | 3,943 | 43,308,632 | 25.0 |
| 3 | Türkiye | 3,739 | 41,439,093 | 23.7 |
| 4 | Malaysia | 448 | 7,806,499 | 2.8 |
| 5 | Hong Kong | 436 | 180,639 | 2.8 |
| 6 | Ukraine | 293 | 2,901,182 | 1.9 |
| 7 | United Kingdom | 222 | 2,667,765 | 1.4 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 156 | 3,069,234 | 1.0 |
| 9 | India | 135 | 1,657,527 | 0.9 |
| 10 | United States | 114 | 2,113,252 | 0.7 |

- Fastest growing, 2020 → 2025: China 1,427 → 3,943 t (+176.3%); Serbia 5,052 → 6,073 t (+20.2%); Türkiye 3,386 → 3,739 t (+10.4%)
- Fastest declining, 2020 → 2025: Brazil 169 → 2 t (−99.1%); Switzerland 419 → 156 t (−62.6%); United Kingdom 499 → 222 t (−55.5%); Malaysia 578 → 448 t (−22.6%)
- New partners: Hong Kong 436 t; Ukraine 293 t

### Non-EU customers

HHI (mass with an identified country) 791 · top three 36.4% · partners: 92 · mass with an identified country 100.0%

| # | Country | Mass (t) | Value (EUR) | Share (%) |
|---:|---|---:|---:|---:|
| 1 | Serbia | 2,528 | 29,363,333 | 15.0 |
| 2 | Switzerland | 1,851 | 21,748,999 | 11.0 |
| 3 | Tunisia | 1,752 | 20,815,448 | 10.4 |
| 4 | United States | 1,644 | 43,914,013 | 9.7 |
| 5 | Morocco | 1,543 | 17,903,143 | 9.1 |
| 6 | United Kingdom | 1,128 | 18,329,324 | 6.7 |
| 7 | South Africa | 981 | 10,187,176 | 5.8 |
| 8 | China | 771 | 21,639,766 | 4.6 |
| 9 | Türkiye | 685 | 7,638,044 | 4.1 |
| 10 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 657 | 7,179,798 | 3.9 |

- Fastest growing, 2020 → 2025: Bosnia and Herzegovina 337 → 657 t (+95.0%); South Africa 505 → 981 t (+94.5%); Israel 325 → 621 t (+91.1%); United States 916 → 1,644 t (+79.5%); Morocco 907 → 1,543 t (+70.0%)
- Fastest declining, 2020 → 2025: Russia 307 → 0 t (−100.0%); Indonesia 255 → 65 t (−74.4%); Ukraine 477 → 203 t (−57.4%); Moldova 345 → 152 t (−56.1%); Algeria 275 → 134 t (−51.3%)
- New partners: India 294 t; Oman 261 t; Japan 169 t

- Data files: [CSV](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/partners.csv) · [JSON](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/partners.json) · [Metadata](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled/data/partners.metadata.json)

## Product chain

Chain of the class “Enamelled winding wire”: preceding classes – Copper wire (over 0.5 mm), Fine copper wire (up to 0.5 mm); following classes – –.

- **Feedstock**: Unwrought copper (feedstock) (CN 7403)
- **Preceding classes**: [Copper wire (over 0.5 mm)](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-wire) (CN 7408 19 10); [Fine copper wire (up to 0.5 mm)](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-wire-fine) (CN 7408 19 90)
- **Class**: [Enamelled winding wire](https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled) (CN 8544 11 10)
- **Scrap**: copper scrap (CN 7404)

The scheme orders the classes of the dictionary by processing stage (family rules in the portal code: same material, a derived product after the non-derived one; links named explicitly – e.g. cans from can stock, die castings from casting alloys, coated steel from galvanizing alloys); an arrow does not mean deliveries between specific plants. Feed and scrap – CN headings of the metal, not dictionary classes.

## Data freshness

- Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (annual data) – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-10-26; next update: 2027-02 (period 2026)
- Eurostat, Comext DS-045409 (monthly data) – latest data: 2026-08 (intra-EU: 2026-07); retrieved: 2026-10-26; next update: 2026-11-13 (period 2026-09)
- Eurostat, PRODCOM DS-059358, DS-059367 – latest data: 2025; retrieved: 2026-10-26; next update: 2027-07 (period 2026)

## How to cite

> ai-waw.com (2026). Enamelled winding wire – product profile: EU-27 trade, PRODCOM production and producers. Products dataset 2.1 (2026-10-26), class revision 1, SHA-256 f9d848393508…; https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled

- Dataset edition: 2.1 (2026-10-26)
- Dataset SHA-256: `f9d848393508c9dbe833341fc6b3767c4bfe1b6b47bfc70335adfab2703d4c13`
- Class revision: 1 (2026-10-26), SHA-256 `f03b3a960efe680265b07a93b729dc33c0813e51a9337f27ec0669488f8ff998`
- BibTeX: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled.bib · RIS: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/cu-winding-enamelled.ris

## Alloys and standards

- The glossary has no materials of this class with a documented basis yet.
- Product standards: EN 60317-0-1 – Specifications for particular types of winding wires - Part 0-1: General requirements - Enamelled round copper wire (IEC 60317-0-1:2013 + A1:2019); EN IEC 60317-0-2 – Specifications for particular types of winding wires – Part 0-2: General requirements – Enamelled rectangular copper wire (IEC 60317-0-2:2020)
- Synonyms PL: drut nawojowy
- Synonyms EN: winding wires; enamelled round copper wire; enamelled rectangular copper wire; magnet wire
- Synonyms DE: Wickeldrähte für elektrotechnische Zwecke, aus Kupfer, lackiert; lackisolierte Runddrähte; Kupferlackdraht
- Full alloy and standard glossary: https://ai-waw.com/en/products/glossary.md

## Related

- Flow analysis: [EU Copper Flow Analysis](https://ai-waw.com/en/metal-flows/eu-copper-flow-analysis.md)
- Production technologies: [melting and casting](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/topienie-odlewanie.md); [hot rolling](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/walcowanie-goraco.md); [cold rolling](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/walcowanie-zimno.md); [wire, bar and tube drawing](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/ciagnienie.md); [extrusion](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/wyciskanie.md); [heat treatment (annealing, solution treatment, ageing, brazing)](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/obrobka-cieplna.md); [slitting and cutting to length](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/ciecie.md); [surface treatment and cleaning](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/obrobka-powierzchni.md); [quality control and materials testing](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/kontrola-jakosci.md); [protective atmospheres, gases and utilities](https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/technology/atmosfery-media.md)
- Ownership control of the producers: https://ai-waw.com/en/companies/ownership.md?produkt=cu-winding-enamelled
- Companies list and map filtered to this class: https://ai-waw.com/en/companies?produkt=cu-winding-enamelled

## Method note

- **Entry only from a primary document** – A class is assigned to a plant only when a primary document names it – a product data sheet, an annual report, a register or a company page describing the product – with the document page and a reliability class (A, B or C). Press and company directories without a company document are not a basis for an entry.
- **Assignment from a location document** – When a company document describes the product and only a location page points to the plant, the assignment of the product to the plant is an inference – the source then has class C and the entry awaits confirmation by a plant document.
- **“Full range” is not an entry** – A general claim (“full range of copper products”) without the class, dimensions or alloys does not create an entry. A plant without an entry may make the class – the register does not know.
- **Capacity only from a document** – Class capacity (kt) – only when a document states it; no estimates and no split of a whole plant’s capacity into classes. The sum covers only plants with a stated capacity and is a lower bound – always given with the number of plants it covers.
- **Entry status** – Produced, planned production (investment announced in a document), production ended. A closed plant – production ended. Key figures – “produced” only.
- **Ownership control** – The entity controlling the plant and its country – as in Ownership control (GLEIF Level 2, GLEIF exceptions, groups from company documents). The non-EU share is computed only among producers located in the EU-27 with an established controller (as the default area of Ownership control); a plant outside the EU – e.g. in Türkiye, the United Kingdom, Switzerland or Serbia – is out of scope of the indicator, although it counts among plants and countries.
- **Trade and production** – Eurostat Comext: EU-27 extra-EU and intra-EU trade (arrivals reported by EU countries), CN codes of the class (sum of the codes), tonnes and euro, 2005–2025 plus the current incomplete year (hollow marker, no line); sold production – PRODCOM (a code may cover several classes); apparent consumption = production + extra-EU imports − extra-EU exports within the PRODCOM code scope. A CN code may cover products of other classes (e.g. rods and sections in one code) – trade describes CN codes, not the plants of the register.
- **Metals kept apart** – Each class belongs to one metal (aluminium, copper, zinc). Each metal has its own page; the metals share a family layout – five semi-finished product families (wire rod and wire; bars and sections; plate, sheet and strip; foil; tubes), families outside semi-finished products (unwrought alloys – feedstock, powders and dust, chemical compounds, anodes and other articles – currently zinc only) and derived products; split by material within a family. A family without classes of a metal shows “–” with a description in the comparison table. Header figures and trade totals are given separately for each metal – tonnes of different metals are never added up. Derived products (e.g. winding wire, structures, cans, stranded wire, zinc-coated steel, die castings) are marked and are not semi-finished products; tonnes of coated steel are the mass of the product, not of zinc. A class outside the metal trade total (coated steel, zinc oxide, die castings without a CN code) carries a note with the reason.
- **Counterpart in the other metal** – A copper ↔ aluminium substitution pair (e.g. wire, coiled tubes, strip, stranded wire) comes from the dictionary field or from the portal map of pairs. The comparison shows the figures of both classes side by side, without a total, and the application sentence has no figures; a pair does not mean interchangeability in every application.
- **Links by metal** – Copper classes have a form in the R02 forecast and the EU copper flow analysis; aluminium classes – the EU aluminium flow analysis and the country analyses; zinc classes – the EU zinc flow analysis and the country analysis for Poland (the R01 and R02 forecasts cover copper only). An analysis link given with the class takes precedence.
- **Dataset scope** – The dataset covers copper and aluminium semi-finished products and their alloys, and zinc products (titanium-zinc sheet, unwrought alloys, powders and dust, anodes, derived products) at plants of the Companies register. Counts of plants, countries and groups and the capacity sum are a lower bound of the market – they grow with further documents.

Pages and Markdown are open to text and data mining with attribution; JSON data – like the other JSON data of the register – are reserved as a database compilation. Trade data: Eurostat (reuse with attribution).