# Fabrication losses (dross, dust), Italy (copper) – IT, 2024

**5 tys. t**

- Fact ID: `PCUIT-S-PPW-STRATY`
- Label (PL): Straty przetwórstwa (zgar, pyły), Włochy (miedź)
- Value (machine): 5
- Standard deviation: 3
- Unit: tys. t
- Period: 2024
- Area: IT
- Metal: cu
- Verification: reconciled
- Note: 2024 balance, kt of contained Cu: value reconciled by weighted least squares (WLS); standard deviation after reconciliation 3.0; input data 5.0 ± 3.0 (class C estimate).
- Source: Copper flow in Italy, 2024 balance – model estimates with a wide uncertainty interval (ai-waw.com) – https://ai-waw.com/przeplyw-metali/przeplyw-miedzi-wlochy (class C, primary data under the publishers' licences; calculations by ai-waw.com)
- Publisher: ai-waw.com (calculations); data: Eurostat (Comext, PRODCOM), European Foundry Federation, company reports
- Metal flow analysis: [AIWAW-2026-PCUIT – Copper Flows in Italy](https://ai-waw.com/en/metal-flows/copper-flows-italy.md)

Cite: ai-waw.com, AIWAW-2026-PCUIT v1.1, fact PCUIT-S-PPW-STRATY – https://ai-waw.com/przeplyw-metali/przeplyw-miedzi-wlochy